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Wine Making
Winemaking, or vinification, is the production of
wine, starting with selection of the grapes or other produce and
ending with bottling the finished wine. Although most wine is made
from grapes, it may also be made from other fruit or non-toxic plant
material. Mead is a wine that is made with honey being the primary
ingredient after water.
Winemaking can be divided into two general categories: still wine
production (without carbonation) and sparkling wine production (with
carbonation).
The science of wine and winemaking is known as oenology (in American
English, enology).
After the harvest, the grapes are crushed and allowed to ferment.
Red wine is made from the must (pulp) of red or black grapes that
undergo fermentation together with the grape skins, while white wine
is usually made by fermenting juice pressed from white grapes, but
can also be made from must extracted from red grapes with minimal
contact with the grapes' skins. Rosé wines are made from red grapes
where the juice is allowed to stay in contact with the dark skins
long enough to pick up a pinkish color, but little of the tannins
contained in the skins.
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